book+2+4.3

III. computers
a. computer- an electric device that stores, processes and retrieves information b. information is represented in binary system 1. combination of 0 and 1 2. base- 10 system 3. base number is 2 4. computer chips act as switches i. switch off- 0 ii. switch on- 1 5. each 1 or 0 is a bit- binary digit b. computer hardware 1. physical parts that allow a computer to receive, store, and present information 2. includes- CPU, input and output devices, memory storage devices 3. CPU- central processing unit i. brain of computer ii. directs the operation of the computer, performs logical operations and calculations, directs storage and retrieval of info 4. input devices i. keyboard, mouse, joystick, scanner, microphones, light pen ii. feds data to cpu 5. output devices i. presents data from cpu ii. monitor, speakers 6. modern i. input/ output device ii. exchange info with other computers 7. 2 types of memory i. internal ii. external 8. internal memory i. chips in CPU ii. RAM- only temporary storage- lost when computer shut off 9. external memory i. disk drives a) hard b) CD/DVD/ flash drive c. computer software 1. software- set of instructions that directs the computer hardware to perform operations on stored information 2. two types i. operating system a) set of basic instructions that keep computer running ii. applications a) tasks the computer can carry out 3. computer programmers i. people who write software ii. use computer language the computer understands

Quiz 1. complete info is represented by binary system. uses the base #2, each place value represents a power of 2. #5 is 101 2. software directs hardware to perform operations 3. a programmer creates software, uses computer languages that convert input info into instructions that CPU understands 4. output device 5. input device 6. CPU 7. number system that uses 2 digits, 1 and 0 8. person who programs computer 9. a device that presents data from a computer 10. the brain of a computer 11. device that feeds into CPU 12. electronic device that stores, processes, and retrieves information 13. physical parts of a computer 14. set of instructions that directs computer hardware

Study Guide 5. 101 6. read only memory 13. CPU 19. true 20. false- hardware 21. optical disc, keyboard, rom, ram, floppy disc 22. difficult to use because it has no output device 30. operating system- basic instructions for computer- unix; applications software- tasks to do- word processing