Book+1+6.1

II. The Nature of Heat A. Heat is the movement of thermal energy from a substance at a higher temperature to another at a lower temperature. 1. Matter contains thermal energy 2. When thermal energy is transferred its is heat 3. heat and work transfers i. measured in joules B. Heat is transferred by conduction, confection, and radiation 1. Conduction- heat transferred from 1 particle of matter to another without the movement of matter itself 2. Convection- movement that transfers heat in the currents in a fluid. (liquid or gas) i. convection current- circular flow ii. wind- global from sun 3. radiation- transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves i. does not require matter of transfer thermal energy C. Heat moves 1 way 1. Heat will flow from the warmer object to the colder one. 2. Heat flows in, thermal energy increases, temperature increases 3. Thermal energy increases, temperature increases 4. Items grow colder as thermal energy flows from them D. Conductors and insulators 1. Conductors- material that6 conducts heat well i. steel, stainless steel 2. Insulators- material that does not conduct heat well i. wood, wool, straw, paper, cork, fiberglass, gases (air) E. Specific heat 1. Temperature does not rise at the same rate for all objects 2. Heat required to raise the temperature depends on the chemical makeup of the material i. different materials need more or less heat to change temperature. 3. Specific heat- the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kg by 1K i. measured in joules/kilogram/kelvin - J/(kg x K) 4. Thermal energy changes = mass x specific heat x changes in temperature

Quiz
 * 1) confection
 * 2) radiation
 * 3) conduction
 * 4) conduction
 * 5) convection
 * 6) radiation
 * 7) conduction
 * 8) conductor
 * 9) heat
 * 10) convection current
 * 11) specific heat
 * 12) insulator
 * 13) radiation
 * 14) convection

Study Guide

2. only from warm objects to the colder ones 3. insulator 4. water 14. silver 17. false - convection 18. insulator 23. thermal 24. thermal energy 25. joule 26. thermal energy 29. heat transfer 30. Without an outer layer, their single pane allows heat to escape easily by conduction