book+1,+6.3.+notebook

III Thermal energy and states of matter A. 3 states of matter, solid, liquid, gas. 1. Arrangement of particles determine its state. 2. solid- particles packed closely together in fixed positions. I, cannot move from fixed position. ii. can only vibrate back and forth. iii retained fixed shape and volume 3. liquids- particles close together, but not tightly close together. I particles can move ii. no definite shape iii. definite volume 4. gases- particles move so fast they don't stay together I no fixed shape or volume. ii. fill space avalible B. changes of states- physical change from one state of matter to another 1. State of substance depends on the amount of thermal energy it possesses I. more thermal energy= faster particles move 2. Matter will change from one state to another if thermal energy is absorbed or released. I. thermal energy increases solid to liquid to gas Ii. thermal energy is removed gas to liquid to solid 3. thermal energy changes but temperature does not- matter changing from one state to another C. Solid liquid changes of state 1. Melting- change from a solid to a liquid I. solid absorbs thermal energy 2. melting point- temperature at which solid changes to a liquid 3 Freezing- change from a liquid to a solid 4. Freezing point- temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a solid. D. liquid to gas changes of state 1. vaporization- process by which matter changes from the liquid to the gas state I. particles absorb thermal energy ii. particles move faster iii. escape the liquid 2. Evaporation- vaporization at the surface of a liquid 3 Boiling- at higher temperatures vaporization can occur bellow the surface of a liquid. 4. Boiling point- temperature at which a liquid boils 5. condensation- change from gas to a liquid I. gas loses thermal energy- to liquid E. Thermal Expansion- expanding of matter when it is heated 1. thermometer 2. teeth 3. thermostats- heat regulating device I. bimetallic strips- strips of two metals joined together ii. movement of strip activates switch

study guide 5. 3 6. a change of state 7. melting point 8. thermal expansion 9. thermostats 20. false- contract 21. false- release or loss 28. expand

Quiz 6.3 1. solid ice absorbed thermal energy from its surrounding and changed state or melted to become a liquid 2. when a substance changes state, its thermal energy is changed but its temperature stays the same because the thermal energy is changing the arrangement of particles. Average kinetic energy of particles doesn't change 3. metals expand when heats up. No gaps- railroad tracks would bend or buckle on a hot day 4. solid, liquid gas 5. melting 6. states 7.condensation 8.evaporation 9. boiling 10. freezing 11. thermal expansion 12.change of state